Warm-up · The pre-read

See the same problem
five different ways.

No single point of view can capture a complex problem. EPIC gives you five.

A five-minute refresher before we meet on 4 July: the EPIC flow, the five lenses, and the five methods — in plain words. No jargon, no homework.

Start the pre-read
00

Where we are

Four small nudges, each clearing one obstacle, so we arrive on the day ready to do, not just listen.

21 Jun

The teaser

Why this sessionDone
29 Jun

EPIC pre-read

EPIC, lenses & methodsDoneRead the pre-read →
1 Jul

Insights → issues

Spotting what mattersDoneSee the poll results →
3 Jul

Primary vs secondary

Drivers vs consequencesDoneResults in the WhatsApp group
4 Jul

The workshop

2 hours, hands-onYou're hereRead the case →
01

Why bother with all this?

Real problems at work — falling engagement, a stalled change, a team that keeps firefighting — aren't puzzles with one neat answer. They're tangles of people, processes and pressures, all pulling on each other. Look through one lens and you'll fix a symptom while the cause carries on. EPIC's move is simple: look through five different lenses first, see what each one reveals, and only then decide where to act.

Poll #1

How the room voted

Before the workshop we asked one question: "Your commute keeps getting slower — even as the roads get wider. What would actually fix it?" Here's how all 35 of you answered.

Honestly — no single fix will do it65.7%
Better public transport11.4%
Build more roads & flyovers8.6%
More companies allowing remote work8.6%
Tougher rules and fines5.7%

Two-thirds of you already sensed it: no single lever fixes this. That instinct is exactly where systems thinking begins — on the day we look at the same problem through the five lenses, then ask the room again.

02

EPIC, in four moves

A loop you walk, not a checklist you tick. On the day, we go hands-on with the first two.

E

Explore

Look at the messy situation through the five lenses. Note what you notice (insights), then what worries you (issues). Resist jumping to fixes.

P

Produce

Sort the real drivers from the side-effects, score each lens, and choose the method that fits. Shape the plan.

I

Intervene

Act — but stay light on your feet. The situation moves, so keep looking and keep adjusting as you go.

C

Check

Did things improve across all five lenses? Reflect, learn, loop back. EPIC never really ends.

On 4 July we'll work hands-on through Explore and Produce on real cases — that's the heart of the session.

03

The five lenses

Each lens makes you notice something the others miss. Tap one to look through it — the simple questions are the ones we'll actually use in the room.

Is the machine built to hit its goal — efficiently?
Helps you notice: goals, processes, structure, efficiency.
  • What is this system actually trying to achieve?
  • Are we getting the results we expected — and if not, what's stopping us?
  • Where do things slow down, break, or get wasted?
04

The five methods

Once a lens shows you the trouble, there's a method built to act on it. You don't run all five — you start where it hurts most.

For the Mechanical lens

Vanguard Method

Redesign how work actually flows around the customer, and strip out the waste.

Use when the goal is clear but the system is inefficient or missing it.
For the Interrelationships lens

System Dynamics

Map the feedback loops and delays to find the one leverage point that shifts the whole.

Use when behaviour is driven by how the parts interact over time.
For the Organismic lens

Viable System Model

Diagnose whether the organisation can adapt and balance control with local autonomy.

Use when the issue is structure, resilience, or staying viable.
For the Purposeful lens

Soft Systems Methodology

Surface the different worldviews and build enough shared understanding to move forward together.

Use when people genuinely see the problem differently.
For the Societal / Env. lens

Critical Systems Heuristics

Ask whose interests are served, who's excluded, and where the boundary has been drawn.

Use when fairness, inclusion or sustainability is at stake.
Rule of thumb → Score each lens 0–4 for how troubled it is. Start with the method that fits your highest score, and bring others in as the situation shifts.
The case

India's urban gridlock

This is the case we work through together on the day. Have a read now so we can go straight into the lenses.

The paradox

For decades India's cities have widened roads, thrown up flyovers and laid new metro lines. Yet the commute keeps getting slower. More capacity, more congestion. Why does the problem keep coming back — and what would actually change it?

The gridlock, in numbers

The situation, in full

India's cities aren't just congested — they're stuck, and the data backs up what most commuters already feel in their gut. To understand why, Down To Earth spent May and June 2025 visiting more than 40 cities, and one finding stood out: right across the country, the time it takes to get somewhere roughly doubles once you hit peak hours. Metro or small town, the slowdown is everywhere.

The global picture is just as stark — India ranks third in the world for population exposure to ozone pollution. TomTom's 2024 traffic index found that the average urban Indian loses close to 94 hours a year just crawling through a 10 km trip inside the city centre. And it isn't only Delhi and Mumbai dragging that average down: Kolkata, Bengaluru and Pune all sit among the world's five slowest cities for traffic.

Here's the part that should give us pause. India has thrown money at this problem for decades — wider roads, new flyovers, metro lines — and it still isn't working. Delhi-NCR hands over more of its land to roads than any other Indian city, around 23%, yet remains one of the most gridlocked places to drive. Compare that with Kolkata and Mumbai: both have far less room to work with, and both manage congestion better — simply because far more people actually use public transport.

The same story repeats at every scale. Big cities are the most congested on average (39%), then mid-sized cities (35%), then smaller ones (28%) — and it tracks almost perfectly with how dependent each city is on cars and two-wheelers, and how weak its public transport is. Even a small hill town like Shillong follows the pattern, its traffic speeds falling from 25 km/h to under 18 km/h at peak times. And Bengaluru proves cars aren't the only culprit: despite a tiny car share of just 7%, it's one of India's most congested cities — because of how many people ride two-wheelers.

Underneath the numbers is a human cost repeated city after city: lost productive hours, lost family time, and rising exposure to vehicular pollution. In Delhi, vehicles alone contribute roughly 40% of particulate matter and a staggering 81% of NOx emissions — a pattern broadly mirrored across other large cities. The gridlock isn't only a time cost; it's a health cost too.

Three forces underneath

Private-vehicle surge

25.5M vehicles added in FY24–25, ~90% for personal use. Delhi alone adds 500+ cars a day.

Transit decay

Bus ridership down ~6% in metros; new metro lines still absorb under 1% of trips.

Urban sprawl

Average commutes up ~10%; Delhi's average trip nearly doubled, from 6 km to 11 km.

Your challenge

Through your assigned lens, examine why the commute keeps getting worse despite decades of spending. Capture what you notice (insights), then what worries you (issues) — and where a real, structural change might sit. Not a quick symptomatic fix.

Your job isn't to solve it today. It's to make sure the problem is deeply and correctly understood.

Open the working sheet →

Your group captures insights, issues and lens scores (0–4) in here. (Make sure sharing is set to "anyone with the link".)

05

Your toolkit

The take-home pack. It unlocks here right after the session, so everything lives in one place.

06

Your Group 3 crew

Presenters

  • Neha
  • Ari
  • Manikandan
  • Abhilasha
  • Arun

Supporting crew

  • Gunjan
  • Ashish
  • Vinita